Understanding Malaria Determinants and Prevention in Low-endemic Regions: A Narrative Review
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Abstract
Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-endemic regions such as South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which aims to achieve malaria elimination by 2025. Socio-demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors are crucial in shaping malaria prevalence in these areas. This narrative review evaluates data from scientific databases and reports to explore the determinants of malaria prevalence and assess progress in control efforts in South Sumatra. Interventions, including insecticide-treated bed nets and community-based programmes, have significantly reduced the Annual Parasite Incidence (API). However, persistent challenges, such as limited healthcare access and the emergence of drug resistance, continue to hinder progress towards elimination. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, fostering community engagement, and increasing investments in research are imperative for achieving sustainable malaria control and eventual elimination in low-endemic regions.
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