Analysis of Interactions and Psychosocial Responses in Children and Parents With Covid-19 During Quarantine / Isolation
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Covid-19 management efforts for all ages are public health management. Quarantine/isolation was carried out according to the clinical status of people with Covid-19. Various efforts have been made to prevent its spread. One of these activities was quarantine/isolation. Isolation aimed to reduce the risk of transmission by separating sick individuals from those around them, so parents who experienced Covid-19 and were isolated would experience separation from their children and family members. It was important to understand psychosocial interactions and responses during quarantine/isolation to provide an overview of related cases that required a quarantine process. Materials and methods: This study analyzed interactions and psychosocial responses in children and parents with Covid-19 during quarantine. This type of research was analytic with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents totaled 82 people with a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were the Parent-Child Interaction Scale Infant - Toddler (Brigance III) and the Preschool Pediatric Symptom Checklist. The analysis used chi-square with a value of α = 0.05. Results: Hypothesis testing obtained the Pearson Chi-Square value that there was a relationship between children's interactions and psychosocial responses while parents and families were undergoing isolation or quarantine due to Covid-19 (p-value 0.020; α = 0.05). This demonstrated the importance of interaction between children and parents during isolation to maintain a positive psychosocial response. Conclusion: Interactions between children and parents occurred in harmony with children's psychosocial responses as a form of family function and the ability to adapt the family environment to the health conditions of family members.
Downloads
Article Details
References
Kasmad, Marisa DE, Kadafi A. Coping keluarga tenaga kesehatan dalam menghadapi pandemik COVID-19 Kota Cirebon. *Jurnal Kesehatan.* 2021;12(2):118–22. [https://doi.org/10.38165/jk.v12i2.255](https://doi.org/10.38165/jk.v12i2.255).
Raudenská J, Steinerová V, Javůrková A, Urits I, Kaye AD, Viswanath O, et al. Occupational burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. *Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol.* 2020;34(3):553–60. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2020.07.008](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2020.07.008).
Watnick S, McNamara E. On the frontline of the COVID-19 outbreak: keeping patients on long-term dialysis safe. *Clin J Am Soc Nephrol.* 2020;15(5):710–3. [https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03540320](https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03540320).
Cooper K, Hards E, Moltrecht B, Reynolds S, Shum A, McElroy E, et al. Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. *J Affect Disord.* 2021;289:98–104. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.016](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.016).
Coşkun K, Çıkrıkçı O, Liebovich B, Kara C. Parent-child interaction in academic experiences: Scale development and validation. *Curr Psychol.* 2023;42(3):2268–78. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03862-w](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03862-w).
Ardıç E, Ünsal G, Bayram S. Validity and reliability of the Pictorial Pediatric Symptom Checklist. *J Psychiatr Nurs.* 2020;11(1):20–7. [https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2019.56933](https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2019.56933).
Qi A, Dada D. Impact of COVID-19 on mental health in the elderly population. *Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.* 2021;29(7):767–9. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2021.01.076](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2021.01.076).
Urbina García MÁ. Young children’s well-being: social isolation during the COVID-19 lockdown and effective strategies. *Diálogos sobre Educación: Temas actuales en investigación educativa.* 2021;12(22):1–15. [https://doi.org/10.32870/dse.vi22.781](https://doi.org/10.32870/dse.vi22.781).
Karimi Z, Tamini BK, Nourimoghadam S. Effectiveness of positive psychological interventions on social isolation of girl students during the COVID-19 pandemic. *Shiraz E-Med J.* 2024;25(5):135961. [https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-135961](https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-135961).
Sikorska IM, Lipp N, Wróbel P, Wyra M. Adolescent mental health and activities in the period of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. *Adv Psychiatry Neurol.* 2021;30(2):79–95. [https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.108472](https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.108472).
Fahme SA, Walsh KF, Rouzier V, et al. Practical recommendations for the prevention and management of COVID-19 in low-income and middle-income settings: adapting clinical experience. *Fam Med Community Health.* 2021;9(1):e000930. [https://doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2021-000930](https://doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2021-000930).
Spencer AE, Oblath R, Dayal R, Loubeau JK, Lejeune J, Sikov J, et al. Changes in psychosocial functioning among urban, school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic. *Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health.* 2021;15(1):62. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-021-00419-w](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-021-00419-w).
Ho MH, Lee JJ, Yen HY. Associations between older adults’ social media use behaviors and psychosocial well-being. *Aging Clin Exp Res.* 2023;35(10):2247–55. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02486-9](https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02486-9).
Larsen L, Helland MS, Holt T. The impact of school closure and social isolation on children in vulnerable families during COVID-19: a focus on children’s reactions. *Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry.* 2022;31(8):1–11. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01758-x](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01758-x).
Zainel AA, Qotba H, Al-Maadeed A, Al-Kohji S, Al Mujalli H, Ali A, et al. Psychological and coping strategies related to home isolation and social distancing in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study. *JMIR Form Res.* 2021;5(4):e24760. [https://doi.org/10.2196/24760](https://doi.org/10.2196/24760).
Pietrabissa G, Volpi C, Bottacchi M, Bertuzzi V, Guerrini Usubini A, Löffler-Stastka H, et al. The impact of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health: the lived experience of adolescents with obesity and their caregivers. *Int J Environ Res Public Health.* 2021;18(6):3026. [https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063026](https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063026).
Maltezou HC, Pavli A, Tsakris A. Post-COVID syndrome: an insight on its pathogenesis. *Vaccines.* 2021;9(5):497. [https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050497](https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050497).
Larasati A, Yulanda NA, Budiharto I, et al. Peran koping dan adaptasi terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan tuberkulosis di pusat kesehatan: a literature review. *ProNers.* 2021;3(1):1–7. [https://doi.org/10.26418/jpn.v3i1.44443](https://doi.org/10.26418/jpn.v3i1.44443).
Mazumder P, Sharma SK, Taki K, Kalamdhad AS, Kumar M. Microbes involved in arsenic mobilization and respiration: a review on isolation, identification, isolates and implications. *Environ Geochem Health.* 2020;42(10):3443–69. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00549-8](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00549-8).
Kim CJ, Kim Y, Bae JY, Kim A, Kim J, Son HJ, et al. Risk factors of delayed isolation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. *Clin Microbiol Infect.* 2020;26(8):1058–62. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.01.032](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.01.032).