Breast Cancer Awareness: Development and Usability of the BrAware Mobile Health Application
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Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC)-related deaths are largely due to women’s lack of awareness. Despite public campaigns, evidence suggests that women still lack awareness. Behaviour changes and increased access to screening and treatment might reduce cancer morbidity and mortality. MHealth apps provide access to medical assistance and resources. Improvements to the app by including features such as dual language support, support group referral, culturally appropriate content, and reminders could improve users’ acceptability of the app. This study aimed to develop BrAware, a mHealth app and determine its usability for BC awareness among women. Materials and methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted among 37 participants (public women, breast cancer content experts, and software experts) in three phases: 1) in-depth qualitative interviews and observation of existing mobile applications; 2) design and development of the BrAware application based on the Health Belief Model (HBM); 3) usability testing using a validated Malay version of the System Usability Scale Questionnaire. The usability score was determined using a one-sample t-test with a cut-off value of 68 for the usable mobile application. Results: The themes that arose are vulnerability, forecasting, reactive, influence, outcome and obstacles. The robustness of the mHealth app based on the HBM model were infographics, video animation, valid information, attractive features and design. The mean usability score was 85.47 (SD 11.84). Conclusion: The BrAware App developed could encourage self-awareness in the BSE routine and serve as a monthly reminder device for early identification of breast cancer symptoms. Thus, BrAware could be an excellent tool for educating women against breast cancer.
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