Knowledge and Attitude of Nursing and Medical Undergraduate Students of a Public University in Malaysia Towards People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Abstract
Introduction: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLHIV) often encounter stigma and discrimination, even within healthcare settings, including from healthcare providers. This study assesses the knowledge and attitudes of medical and nursing undergraduates towards PLHIV at a Malaysian university. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 222 medical and nursing undergraduates recruited using a stratified random sampling method. Knowledge was assessed using the HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scale, and attitudes were measured with the AIDS Attitude Scale. Results: Overall, 70.3% of students had moderate HIV/AIDS knowledge, and 85.1% displayed positive attitudes towards PLHIV. A significant inverse relationship was found between knowledge levels and attitudes (r=-0.373, p>0.001). Malay students and nursing students were more likely to hold negative attitudes (p<0.05). Conclusion: The medical and nursing undergraduates in this study exhibited moderate knowledge about HIV/AIDS and positive attitudes towards PLHIV. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted educational interventions in medical and nursing curricula. By deepening students' understanding and sensitivity towards HIV/AIDS-related health issues, a more inclusive and empathetic healthcare environment for PLHIV could be fostered in the future.
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