Comparison of Axial Load Stability Between Plate-screw Compression and K-nail in Tibial Shaft Fractures : A Biomechanical Study on Bovine Tibia Bone
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Abstract
Introduction: The tibial shaft fracture is the most common bone fracture. The incidence of cruris fractures increases every year. In 2015, the incidence of cruris fractures was 51.7/100,000 population. There are various types in tibial shaft fracture therapy, including closed reduction and immobilized with cast, plate-screw, intramedullary nail with closed or open reduction and internal or external technical fixation. This study aims to compare biomechanical results of axial loading stability between internal plate-screw fixation and intramedullary nail (K-Nail) technique so that appropriate action can be prepared in fracture stabilization. Materials and methods: This study is an in vitro experimental study based on nonprobability sampling with consecutive sampling technique. The samples used 20-24 months old bone tibia cows / bovines with a bone length of 35 – 40 cm, a midshaft bone diameter of ± 6 cm, a bone weight of 2000 grams and normal bovine leg bone conditions. It used total 32 tibial bones. Data analysis involved the Shapiro -Wilk test and an independent T-Test with numeric scale, analyzed with SPSS. Results: The results of the Independent T-Test give p = 0.000 (p <0.050) indicating that there is a statistically significant difference between the stability of the axial loading on the plate-screws and K-Nails. The magnitude of the difference in the two groups is strong. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the stability of the axial loading on the plate-screw and the K-nail in tibial shaft fractures. K-nails have higher axial loading stability when compared to axial loading on plates screws.
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