The Effect of Topical Nano Albumin Administration on Mast Cell Number and Burn Healing Area Reduction
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Abstract
Introduction: Topical application of amino acid compounds that are effective in burns can accelerate burn healing through proliferation, neovascularization, and re-epithelialization. However, research on the benefits of nano albumin is lacking. This animal study aims to examine and determine the effect of topical nano albumin on burn wound healing. Materials and methods: This pretest-posttest study examined 27 Wistar rats. Each group (n = 9) received topical application of different substances t.i.d. for seven days. Group-1 (G1) received aquadest, G2 received 1% silver sulfadiazine, and G3 received 0.1 mg topical nano albumin. Topical nano albumin was obtained from the extract of chicken egg albumen. The burn healing was measured by the mast cell number infiltration and burn area reduction. Statistical analysis used the paired t-test, unpaired t-test, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. Results: The pretest-posttest intervention showed that mast cell number reduction is G1 0.2% (p = 0.936), G2 12.8% (p = 0.006), and G3 27.4% (p = 0.001). The burns healing area reduction is G1 4.4% (p = 0.023), G2 11.1% (p = 0.018), and G3 17.2% (p = 0.011). Furthermore, the comparison of all intergroup mast cell reduction showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the burns healing area reduction of G1 (0.09 ± 0.08 cm) vs. G3 (0.34 ± 0.17 cm) is the only significant result (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Topical nano albumin of 0.1 mg t.i.d. for seven days is more effective and significant in reducing mast cell number infiltration and burns healing area compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine and aquadest.
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