Facilitating Factors, Barriers and the Associated Factors Towards Toothbrushing Among Primary Caregivers of Children With Cerebral Palsy in Kelantan
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Abstract
Introduction: Primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) face challenges in maintaining their children's oral hygiene. This study aims to identify the facilitating factors, barriers, and associated factors influencing toothbrushing practices among primary caregivers of children with CP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 81 primary caregivers aged 18 years and above. Sociodemographic data and oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices (OHKAP) scores were collected. Facilitating factors and barriers were assessed using environmental context and behavior regulation domains. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 27.0. Results: Most caregivers were female, with a mean (SD) age of 43.6 (9.34) years, while their children were predominantly male, aged 10.3 (3.93) years, and commonly diagnosed with diplegia (44.4%). The mean (SD) OHKAP score was 18.75 (2.91), and 91.4% reported regularly brushing their child’s teeth. The most common facilitating factor was fear of poor oral health, while the main barrier was the child’s bad mood. Higher OHKAP scores were significantly associated with better toothbrushing skills and toothbrush preferences. Caregiver's sex, relationship with the child, and education level were linked to various barriers, including lack of access to oral health information and children's reluctance to brush. Conclusion: Various factors influence toothbrushing practices among caregivers of children with CP. Since higher OHKAP scores correlate with better toothbrushing skills, targeted caregiver training may improve oral hygiene outcomes.
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