Effect of High-Porosity Endovascular Coiling on Hemodynamics and Thrombosis Formation in Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: A CFD–PIV Study
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Abstract
Introduction: Intracranial aneurysm rupture is one of the asymptomatic diseases that could cause internal bleeding in the brain with high potential for fatality. One of the treatments for aneurysms is an endovascular coil. However, the common related issues to this treatment are recanalization and coil migration. Materials and Methods: This study aims to predict the flow behavior and thrombus development through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation by comparing untreated and 0.7 coiled Middle Cerebral Aneurysm (MCA) aneurysm models. In essence, the significance of this study lies in its ability to link coil porosity to thrombus initiation by quantitatively analyzing key hemodynamic parameters. This includes velocity distribution, Wall Shear Stress (WSS), and Pressure Difference (PD) to provide new insights into how coiling can stabilize the aneurysm. Result: An experiment was conducted with a only 10.3% difference in velocity. The analyzed hemodynamic parameters that are accountable for the initiation of thrombosis demonstrated that the coiled MCA aneurysm results in a uniform outflow velocity. Specifically, it yields a 17.4% larger area of low WSS (WSSlow) and a 35.68% lower PD compared to the untreated MCA aneurysm. Conclusion: Overall, these results revealed that high porosity coiling may reduce the risk of migration, rebleeding, and recurrence problems after surgery.
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