Mild Cognitive Impairment in Tuberculous meningoencephalitis : A Case Series
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculous meningitis is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) characterized by subacute or chronic inflammation of the meninges due to invasion of the subarachnoid space by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. Tuberculous meningitis affects about 100,000 people annually worldwide. Cognitive impairment can occur in tuberculous meningitis. Cognitive impairment has been reported as a common complication of adult tuberculous meningitis, but few studies have systematically assessed the frequency and nature of the disorder. Case series: There were two cases regarding mild cognitive impairment caused by tuberculous meningoencephalitis. The first case occurred in a woman, 40 years old, who complained that she often forgot and often daydreamed. The second case, a woman, 25 years old, who complained that she sometimes forgot and find it difficult to tell the time and numbers. In both cases, a cognitive examination was carried out, and the results of the cognitive examination gave results of cognitive impairment caused by inflammation caused by TB. Conclusion: Both patients in this case experienced mild cognitive impairment caused by tuberculous meningitis. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and therapy are necessary to increase quality of life, reduce high mortality and severe sequelae. WHO recommends between 9-12 months of treatment is sufficient to successfully treat tuberculous meningitis.
Downloads
Article Details
References
Seddon JA, Tugume L, Solomons R, Prasad K, Bahr NC, Aarnoutse RE, et al. The current global situation for tuberculous meningitis: Epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes. Wellcome Open Research. 2019;4:1–15.
Luo M, Wang W, Zeng Q, Luo Y, Yang H, Yang X. Tuberculous meningitis diagnosis and treatment in adults: A series of 189 suspected cases. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2018;16(3):2770–6.
Tuberculous Meningitis: Pathogenesis, Immune Responses, Diagnostic Challenges and the P of BBA. crossm Approaches. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2021;59(February):1–16.
Boyles TH, Lynen L, Seddon JA. Decision-making in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Wellcome Open Research. 2020;5.
Davis AG, Dreyer AJ, Albertyn C, Maxebengula M, Stek C, Wasserman S, et al. Cognitive Impairment in Tuberculous Meningitis. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2023;76(5):842–9.
Ganaraja VH, Jamuna R, Nagarathna C, Saini J, Netravathi M. Long-term Cognitive Outcomes in Tuberculous Meningitis. Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2021;11(3):e222–31.
Shechter, Ari. Schwartz G. 乳鼠心肌提取 HHS Public Access. Physiology & behavior. 2018;176(1):139–48.
Donovan J, Thwaites GE, Huynh J. Tuberculous meningitis: Where to from here? Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. 2020;33(3):259–66.
SMITH H V. Tuberculous Meningitis. International journal of neurology. 1964;4:134–57.
Arshad A, Dayal S, Gadhe R, Mawley A, Shin K, Tellez D, et al. Analysis of tuberculosis meningitis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(9):1–19.
Chen YX, Liang N, Li XL, Yang SH, Wang YP, Shi NN. Diagnosis and Treatment for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;12(October).
Jongsiriyanyong S, Limpawattana P. Mild Cognitive Impairment in Clinical Practice: A Review Article. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and other Dementias. 2018;33(8):500–7.
Foppiano Palacios C, Saleeb PG. Challenges in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases. 2020;20:100164.
Chin JH. Tuberculous meningitis: A neglected tropical disease? Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2019;9(2):152–4.
Muralidharan K, Krishnan M, Pal J. CNS Tuberculosis. Journal of the Indian Medical Association. 2022;120(6):47–52.