Exploring Elder Abuse in Rural Sabah: A Comprehensive Study of Prevalence and Contributing Factors
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Abstract
Introduction: As the number of older adult people increases, so does their vulnerability to various types of abuse among this susceptible population. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for abuse among the older adult in rural Sabah, Malaysia. Method: This multistage random sampling cross-sectional community-based study was conducted on 700 older adults over 60 in Kudat Divison, Sabah, Malaysia, from January 2021 to June 2021. The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) questionnaires were used to determine the associated factors for abuse among the older adult in Kudat. Logistic regression models assessed the factors associated with abuse among the older adult. Results: The prevalence of abuse among the older adult is 5.3 percent. The multivariable analysis identifies that age under 75 years (adjusted OR (aOR): 6.47 (95% CI: 1.51-27.82), suggestive depression (aOR 2.90 (95% CI: 1.46–5.78), feeling isolated (aOR 2.89 (95% CI: 1.26–6.63), and not having nearby family members (aOR 3.01 (95% CI: 1.20–7.55)) were significantly associated with higher abuse risks. Conclusion: A multifaceted strategy that includes increasing awareness, strengthening social support networks, and expanding legal and policy frameworks is needed to address elder abuse. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical, and this requires educating carers and healthcare professionals about the telltale indications of abuse. Increasing social support networks can help older people disclose abuse by providing them with the tools and self-assurance they need.
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