A Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Knowledge Gap in Expanded Newborn Screening Among Medical Practitioners in Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Abstract
Introduction: The study evaluates medical practitioners' knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning the expanded Newborn Screening Program (NBS) in Malaysia. Its goal is to provide evidence-based data on the readiness of healthcare professionals for the expansion of NBS, aiming to detect and treat serious conditions in newborns before symptoms develop. Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1 to October 31, 2024, at HPUSM and PPUSMB. Data was collected via a validated questionnaire from 287 participants recruited through non-probability convenience sampling, with invitations sent through departmental WhatsApp groups and staff emails containing a link to the online survey. Results: The results showed that a low proportion of medical practitioners had a favourable knowledge score, with surgical specialists having the highest at 44.9%, followed by medical (43.3%) and other specialties (41.0%). Most participants had a favourable attitude score, led by medical specialists (71.7%), followed by surgical (59.6%) and other specialties (57.7%). Regarding practice, medical specialists had the highest favourable MPL score (73.3%), followed by surgical (69.7%) and other specialties (55.1%). Additionally, years of practice and specialty were significant predictors of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Discussion: Participants in Malaysia showed limited knowledge of expanded NBS, likely due to lack of awareness. Positive attitudes and practices support implementation, with more than 5 years of experience improving knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: The findings emphasize improving medical practitioners' knowledge on NBS through awareness campaigns, while good attitude and practice scores support successful NBS implementation. Future studies are needed.
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