Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Pain Management Among Older Adults Living with Cancer: A Systematic Review
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Abstract
Introduction: Cancer has become one of the leading global causes of death, with both its incidence and mortality rates expected to rise significantly by 2030. Notably, over 60% of cancer patients are aged 50 years or older. Despite advancements in medical technology, cancer pain management remains insufficient, largely due to gaps in knowledge and pervasive negative attitudes toward pain management among healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers. Existing research has primarily focused on healthcare professionals, while systematic studies investigating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of elderly cancer patients regarding pain management remain limited. Addressing these factors is essential for overcoming barriers to effective pain management, enhancing self-management skills, and ultimately improving the quality of life for this population. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and involved a comprehensive literature search across databases including PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, using relevant keywords. Results: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed across three dimensions: knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cancer pain management in older adults. Conclusions: The findings reveal that knowledge gaps and negative attitudes significantly hinder effective pain management practices among older adults with cancer. Future efforts should prioritize patient education through systematic and accessible approaches to address these attitudes, while promoting the development of individualized pain management plans that incorporate cultural and belief considerations to optimize outcomes. Registration: PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews, ID: CRD42024595514
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