Nutritional Status, Dietary Diversity, and Health Complications Among Geriatric People in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh
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Abstract
Introduction: Elderly populations worldwide are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition, influenced by a complex interplay of socioeconomic, health, and dietary factors. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Bangladesh among male and female individuals aged 60 and above. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNI) tool was used to assess nutritional status. Food insecurity was measured based on the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) guidelines, and diet variety was described by calculating the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Data were analyzed using R studio. Results: The participant's mean age was 67.9 (SD ±7.98) years. About 13.0% were malnourished, and 51.8% were at risk of malnutrition. Low-income individuals faced a substantially increased malnutrition risk (AOR = 11.271, 95% CI = 2.296–55.322) than their counterparts. Dementia (AOR = 6.33, 95% CI = 2.47–16.20) and anorexia (AOR = 6.10, 95% CI = 2.58–14.40) were major contributors, with severe Activity in Daily Living (ADL) impairment further elevating malnutrition risk (AOR = 8.58, 95% CI = 0.63–116.59). Almost 58.9% had high IDDS, with a higher score among males than females. Among respondents, 17.4% experienced low and 9.9% had very low food security. Dietary patterns showed a reliance on starchy staples, with decreased consumption of vegetables, proteins, and dairy with age. Conclusion: Over half of the participants were at malnutrition risk, highlighting significant associations with age, health status, and socioeconomic factors. Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate malnutrition and improve nutritional health among geriatrics.
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