Development and Validation of a Culturally Adapted Motivational Enhancement Intervention for High-Risk Drinking

Abstract

Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption is a growing concern in some indigenous communities in Sabah, affecting health, society, economy and wellbeing overall. With Sabah’s rich cultural diversity, alcohol plays a traditional role in many ethnic groups. Addressing alcohol-related issues requires diverse approaches, with motivation being key to long-term success. Therefore, this study aims to develop a module to enhance motivation through an intervention method designed to change drinking behavior. Methods: An adapted module, sensitive to cultural practices, was designed to engage the indigenous communities' sense of responsibility in addressing alcohol consumption. A qualitative approach was used, involving 28 participants. The development of the intervention module occurred in two phases. In the first phase, participants were screened, and relevant data were gathered to inform the module’s content. The second phase focused on designing the intervention, incorporating culturally appropriate strategies and motivational techniques. Results: The finalized module was developed based on insights gathered during both phases, ensuring it aligned with the participants' needs and cultural context. The module consists of 10 sections divided into 4 sessions over a 12-week period. The second phase includes guidelines to address drinking behaviors, helping individuals explore ambivalence, develop discrepancies, and overcome resistance to change. Conclusion: This study provides an additional methodology to address alcohol-related issues, contributing to the existing literature and offering practical insights for community interventions.