Rapid Molecular Point of Care Testing for Detection of Influenza A, B Viruses and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Versus Multiplex PCR
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Abstract
Introduction: Rapid detection of influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be achieved by having rapid molecularpoint of care tests (POCTs). This expedites the diagnosis attributed by having similar clinical presen- tations leading to facilitation ofprecision medicine and reduction of antimicrobial resistance. The growing number of POCTs foster the need to ensure that thesePOCTs have satisfactory and reliable performance. With that the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of rapid molecularPOCT regarded as ‘X’ for the detection of Influenza viruses and RSV in comparison to multiplex PCR. Methods: A laboratory-basedstudy was conducted from January to December 2020 which involved analysis of 116 nasopharyngeal swabs, tested using POCT X andmultiplex PCR as a method of reference. The performance analysis incorporated the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative pre- dicted values determination. The cycle threshold values were reviewed for discordant results. Results: The POCT X demonstratedsensitivity of 88.57% with 100% specificity for Influenza A virus, and 85.71% of sensitivity with 100% specificity for influenza B virusdetection. Meanwhile it revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity for RSV detection. There were ten specimens demonstratingdiscordant results whereby viruses were not detected by POCT X, however detected by multiplex PCR. The POCT X was not able todetect eight (12.9%) and two (16.7%) influenza A and B viruses respectively. Conclusion: The overall performance of POCT X wascorresponded to multiplex PCR. This best served as a steadfast ancillary test for influenza and RSV infection.
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