Self-care among the Helping Professionals: A Systematic Literature Review
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Self-care is important in all aspect of our life. Generally, the concept of self-care is not a new term that attracted scholars to conduct relevant studies. Despite the number of self-care research on specific group or issues on the self-care practices, the comprehensive of self-care from the aspect of types, relation and factors of self-care has been relatively limited. Hence, this review synthesizes the available research exploring self-care issues among the helping professionals. Methods: A systematic review was conducted for papers published from year 2017-2021 included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods articles. Meanwhile, a Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) was adopted for current study. Two main journal databases, Scopus, Web of Science and additionally Google Scholar and PsycArticles were utilised. Results: The search yield 26 articles that can be analysed systematically. Outcome included identify types of self-care emphasized by helping professionals, relation, and factors influence self-care. Conclusion: Finding synthesizes the latest research on self-care, and highlights the benefits of self-care for the helping professionals. Finally, a number of recommendations were discussed at the end of the research.
Downloads
Article Details
References
Petty L, Trussell DE. Leisure self-care, health and well-being in women’s lives. Annals of Leisure Research. 2021 May 27;24(3):328-39. doi:10.108 0/11745398.2019.1652661
Collins S. Social workers and self-care: A promoted yet unexamined concept?. Practice. 2021 Apr 8;33(2):87-102. doi:10.1080/09503153.2019.1709635
Thomas DA, Morris MH. Creative counsellor self-care: Ideas and research you can use. Vistas Online. .2017. 17. https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/vistas/creative-counselor-self-care.pdf?sfvrsn=4
Layton A. A Correlational Study of Leader Member Social Exchange, Burnout, and Self-Care for Mental Health Counselors. 2019.(Doctoral dissertation, Capella University). https://www.proquest.com/ pagepdf/2293040439?accountid=147680
Wise EH, Reuman L. Promoting competent and flourishing life-long practice for psychologists: A communitarian perspective. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2019 Apr;50(2):129. doi:10.1037/pro0000226
American Psychological Association (APA) dictionary of psychology. Helping profession. In American Psychological Association (APA) dictionary of psychology. https://dictionary.apa. org/helping-professions (2022, July 16)
Riegel B, Dunbar SB, Fitzsimons D, Freedland KE, Lee CS, Middleton S, Stromberg A, Vellone E, Webber DE, Jaarsma T. Self-care research: Where are we now? Where are we going?. International journal of nursing studies. 2021 Apr 1;116:103402. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103402
Kissil K, Niño A. Does the person-of-the-therapist training (POTT) promote self-care? Personal gains of MFT trainees following POTT: A retrospective thematic analysis. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 2017 Jul;43(3):526-36. doi:10.1111/jmft.12213
Mohamed Shaffril HA, Samsuddin SF, Abu Samah A. The ABC of systematic literature review: The basic methodological guidance for beginners. Quality & Quantity. 2021 Aug;55(4):1319-46. doi:10.1007/s11135-020-01059-6
Schardt C, Adams MB, Owens T, Keitz S, Fontelo P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC medical informatics and decision making. 2007 Dec;7(1):1-6. doi:10.1186/1472-6947-7-16
Miller JJ, Poklembova Z, Podkowińska M, Grise- Owens E, Balogová B, Maria Pachner T. Exploring the self-care practices of social workers in Poland. European Journal of Social Work. 2021 Jan 2;24(1):84-93. doi:10.1080/13691457.2019.1653828
Hricová M, Nezkusilova J, Raczova B. Perceived stress and burnout: The mediating role of self- care and job satisfaction as preventive factors in helping professions. European Journal of Mental Health. 2020 Jun 15;15(1):3-22. doi:10.5708/ EJMH.15.2020.1.1
Meany-Walen KK, Cobie-Nuss A, Eittreim E, Teeling S, Wilson S, Xander C. Play therapists’ perceptions of wellness and self-care practices. International Journal of Play Therapy. 2018 Jul;27(3):176. doi:10.1037/pla0000067
Lianekhammy J, Miller JJ, Lee J, Pope N, Barnhart S, Grise-Owens E. Exploring the self-compassion of health-care social workers: How do they fare? Social work in health care. 2018 Aug 9;57(7):563-80. doi:10.1080/00981389.2018.1471017
Martin-Cuellar A, Lardier Jr DT, Atencio DJ. Therapist mindfulness and subjective vitality: The role of psychological wellbeing and compassion satisfaction. Journal of Mental Health. 2021 Jan 2;30(1):113-20. doi:10.1080/09638237.2019.1644491
Keesler JM, Troxel J. They care for others, but what about themselves? Understanding self-care among DSPs’ and its relationship to professional quality of life. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. 2020 Jun;58(3):221-40. doi:10.1352/1934-9556-58.3.221
Lichner V, Halachová M, Lova L. The concept of self-care, work engagement, and burnout syndrome among slovak social workers. Czech and Slovak Social Work. 2018;4:62-75. https://socialniprace. cz/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2018-4. pdf#page=62
Turnbull MG, Rhodes P. Burnout and growth: Narratives of Australian psychologists. Qualitative Psychology. 2021 Feb;8(1):51. doi:10.1037/ qup0000146
Masson F. Enhancing resilience as a self-care strategy in professionals who are vicariously exposed to trauma: A case study of social workers employed by the South African Police Service. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. 2019 Jan 2;29(1):57-75. doi:10.1080/10911359.2018.1474159
Cinar SE. Relationship between World Assumptions and Resilience in Psychological Counsellors: The Mediating Role of Self-Orientations. European Journal of Educational Research. 2020;9(3):1211-22. doi: 10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1211
Butler LD, Mercer KA, McClain-Meeder K, Horne DM, Dudley M. Six domains of self-care: Attending to the whole person. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. 2019 Jan 2;29(1):107-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2018.1482483
American Psychological Association (APA) dictionary of psychology Compassion [Def. 1]. In American Psychological Association (APA) dictionary of psychology. Retrieved from https:// dictionary.apa.org/compassion (2022, July 16)
Khanjani S, Asmari Bardezard Y, Foroughi A, Yousefi F. Burnout, compassion for others and fear of compassion: a quantitative study in Iranian nurses. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. 2021 Oct 25;43:193-9. doi:10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0082
Andrews H, Tierney S, Seers K. Needing permission: The experience of self-care and self- compassion in nursing: A constructivist grounded theory study. International journal of nursing studies. 2020 Jan 1;101:103436. doi:10.1016/j. ijnurstu.2019.103436
Viskovich S, De George-Walker L. An investigation of self-care related constructs in undergraduate psychology students: Self-compassion, mindfulness, self-awareness, and integrated self- knowledge. International Journal of Educational Research. 2019 Jan 1;95:109-17. doi:10.1016/j. ijer.2019.02.005
Chan SH, Yu CK, Li AW. Impact of mindfulness- based cognitive therapy on counseling self- efficacy: A randomized controlled crossover trial. Patient Education and Counseling. 2021 Feb 1;104(2):360-8. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2020.07.022
Beckerman NL, Wozniak DF. Domestic violence counselors and secondary traumatic stress (STS): A brief qualitative report and strategies for support. Social work in mental health. 2018 Jul 4;16(4):470-90. doi:10.1080/15332985.2018.1425795
Warlick CA, Van Gorp A, Farmer NM, Patterson T, Armstrong A. Comparing burnout between graduate-level and professional clinicians. Training and Education in Professional Psychology. 2021 May;15(2):150. doi:10.1037/tep0000328
Miller JJ, Grise-Owens E, Shalash N. Investigating the self-care practices of social work faculty: An exploratory study. Social Work Education. 2018 Nov 17;37(8):1044-59. doi:10.1080/02615479.2018.1470618
Miller JJ, Donohue-Dioh J, Niu C, Grise-Owens E, Poklembova Z. Examining the self-care practices of child welfare workers: A national perspective. Children and Youth Services Review. 2019 Apr 1;99:240-5. doi:10.1016/j. childyouth.2019.02.009
Miller JJ, Grise-Owens E, Owens L, Shalash N, Bode M. Self-care practices of self-identified social workers: Findings from a national study. Social Work. 2020 Jan 7;65(1):55-63. doi:10.1093/sw/swz046
Acker GM. Self–care practices among social workers: Do they predict job satisfaction and turnover intention?. Social Work in Mental Health. 2018 Nov 2;16(6):713-27. doi:10.1080/15332985.2018.1494082
Raczova, B. Self-care of women with dual role overload. Ad Alta: Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2019 Jan 1;9(1). https://search.ebscohost. com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=shib&db= asn&AN=137367915&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Ayala EE, Ellis MV, Grudev N, Cole J. Women in health service psychology programs: Stress, self- care, and quality of life. Training and Education in Professional Psychology. 2017 Feb;11(1):18. doi:10.1037/tep0000141
Beauchemin J, Finnell R, Newman J, Sjoberg R. The Impact of a Brief Interprofessional Intervention on Attitudes toward Wellness Promotion among College Students in Helping Professions. Journal of Social Service Research. 2021 Sep 3;47(5):724-35. doi:10.1080/01488376.2021.1909689
King C, Subotic-Kerry M, O’Dea B. An exploration of the factors associated with burnout among NSW secondary school counsellors. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools. 2018 Dec;28(2):131-42. doi:10.1017/jgc.2018.5
Caleshu C, Kim H, Silver J, Austin J, Tibben A, Campion M. Contributors to and consequences of burnout among clinical genetic counselors in the United States. Journal of Genetic Counseling. 2021 Jul;31(1):269-78. doi:10.1002/jgc4.1485
Adhikari Y. Compassion fatigue into the Nepali counselors: challenges and recommendations. MOJ Public Health. 2018;7(6):376-9. doi: 10.15406/mojph.2018.07.00271
Nelson JR, Hall BS, Anderson JL, Birtles C, Hemming L. Self–compassion as self-care: A simple and effective tool for counselor educators and counseling students. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health. 2018 Jan 2;13(1):121-33. doi:10.1 080/15401383.2017.1328292
Torres-Soto NY, Corral-Verdugo V, Corral-Frías NS. The relationship between self-care, positive family environment, and human wellbeing. Wellbeing, Space and Society. 2022 Jan 1;3:100076. doi:10.1016/j.wss.2022.100076
Lau P S, Wang B, Myers JE. Measuring the wellness of secondary school teachers in Hong Kong: Adaptation of the Chinese 5F-Wel. Measurement and Evaluation in Counselling and Development. 2017; 50(1-2), 89-108. doi:10.1080/07481756.2017.1327288
Zakaria NS, Warren J, Bakar AR. Counseling ethics education for enhanced professional identity and development: Guidance and counseling teachers lifelong learning acquisition empowered. In I. H. Amzat, & N. P. Valdez (Eds.), Teacher Empowerment for Professional Development and Practice: Perspectives Across Borders. 2017; 153-
Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4151-8.
Holt KC, Warren J, Maddox RP, Morgan M, Zakaria NS. Using bookmarks: An approach to support ethical decision in play therapy. International Journal of Play Therapy. 2016. 25, 4, 176-185. Available from: https://psycnet.apa.org/ doi/10.1037/pla0040380
Zakaria NS, Subarimaniam N, Wan Jaafar WM, Mohd Ayub AF, Saripan MI. Conceptualization and initial measurement of counseling ethics competency: The influence of spiritual and self-efficacy. European Journal of Training and Development. 2022. 46, 3-4, 285-301(17). doi:10.1108/EJTD-02-2020-0016.
Zakaria NS. Counseling ethics education experience: An interpretive case study of the first year master’s level counseling students (Doctoral dissertation). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. 2013. (UMI 3562075).
Subarimaniam N, Zakaria NS, Wan Jaafar WM. Multicultural competency, spirituality and self- efficacy in dealing with legal and ethical issues. PERTANIKA Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 2020. 28, 2, 1371-1387.
Warren J, Zavaschi G, Covello C, Zakaria NS. The use of bookmarks in teaching counseling ethics. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health. 2012. 7, 2, 187-201. doi: 10.1080/15401383.2012.685027
Zakaria NS, Warren J. Counseling ethics education: Teaching and learning development reformation. In I. H. Amzat, & B. Yusuf (Eds.), Fast Forwarding Higher Education Institutions for Global Challenges: Perspectives and Approaches. 2016. 83-96. Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-287-603-4.
Zakaria NS, Saripan MI, Subarimaniam N, Ismail A. Assessing EthoshuntTM as a gamification-based mobile application in ethics education: Pilot mixed-methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research-Serious Games Journal. 2020. 8, 3: e18247. doi: 10.2196/18247.
Lockwood C, Munn Z, Porritt K. Qualitative research synthesis: methodological guidance for systematic reviewers utilizing meta-aggregation. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 2015 September; 13(3): 179-187. doi: 10.1097/ XEB.0000000000000062