Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Osteoporosis With Dietary Calcium Intake Among Women in Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
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Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding osteoporosis and relation to calcium intake is crucial, especially for women who are at risk of developing osteoporosis. This study aims to determine the association between KAP osteoporosis and calcium intake and identify the mean differences of KAP osteoporosis and calcium intake with sociodemographic background. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted involving 174 women in the Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan using stratified random sampling. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic data, KAP osteoporosis and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to determine dietary calcium intake. Results: Participants aged 22.0 (IQR 3.0) years old, majority were Malays (80%) students (85%) and single (89%). Most of the participants had poor KAP scores (64%) [Mean score: 46.82 ± 10.50] with poor knowledge (56%) and poor attitude (96%) regarding osteoporosis. Majority of the participants (71%) did not meet the RNI calcium requirement (1000 mg/day) with a median (IQR) of 791.93 (577.08) mg/day. There was a moderate positive correlation between knowledge and practice regarding osteoporosis (r = 0.40) as well as a moderate positive correlation of knowledge and attitudes regarding osteoporosis (r = 0.22) and weak significant correlation between attitudes and practices regarding osteoporosis (r = 0.16). Conclusion: Young adult women has poor knowledge and poor attitude regarding osteoporosis and did not achieve the calcium intake. Further studies may be required to investigate other sociodemographic backgrounds
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